\(\text{1) }cos^2\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)-sin^2\left(x-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)=sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(\frac{\pi}{6}-x\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{6}-x+m2\pi\\2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=x-\frac{\pi}{6}+n2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{m2\pi}{3}\\x=\frac{\pi}{6}+n2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\\\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{k2\pi}{3} \)

\(2\text{) }sin^4x-sin^4\left(x+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)=sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow sin^4x-cos^4x=sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow sin^2x-cos^2x=sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow cos\left(\pi-2x\right)=cos\left(\frac{\pi}{6}-x\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\pi-2x=\frac{\pi}{6}-x+m2\pi\\\pi-2x=x-\frac{\pi}{6}+n2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5\pi}{6}-m2\pi\\x=\frac{7\pi}{18}-\frac{n2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(3\text{) }pt\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=\frac{1}{2}=cos\frac{\pi}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{3}+m2\pi\\x-\frac{\pi}{3}=-\frac{\pi}{3}+n2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2\pi}{3}+m2\pi\\x=n2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

a/

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(2x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(\frac{\pi}{6}-x\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{6}-x+k2\pi\\2x-\frac{\pi}{3}=x-\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\\x=\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\)

b/

\(\Rightarrow sin^4x-cos^4x=sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sin^2x-cos^2x\right)\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)=sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-cos2x=sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=-sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(x+\frac{5\pi}{6}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=x+\frac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\2x=-x-\frac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=-\frac{5\pi}{18}+\frac{k2\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c/

\(\Leftrightarrow cos^3\left(x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=\frac{1}{8}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(x-\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=cos\left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{\pi}{3}=\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x-\frac{\pi}{3}=-\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\x=\frac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=\frac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

c.

\(\Leftrightarrow cosx=cos\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\frac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\)

d.

\(\Leftrightarrow cosx=cos\left(\frac{3\pi}{4}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\frac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\)

e.

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx=sin\left(-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=\frac{7\pi}{6}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lời giải:
\(\sin ^2(\frac{\pi}{6}-x)=\frac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \sin (\frac{\pi}{6}-x)=\frac{1}{2}\\ \sin (\frac{\pi}{6}-x)=\frac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nếu \(\sin (\frac{\pi}{6}-x)=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{6}-x=\frac{\pi}{6}-2k\pi \\ \frac{\pi}{6}-x=\frac{5\pi}{6}-2k\pi \end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=2k\pi \\ x=2k\pi-\frac{2}{3}\pi \end{matrix}\right.\) với $k$ nguyên.

Nếu \(\sin (\frac{\pi}{6}-x)=\frac{-1}{2}\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \frac{\pi}{6}-x=\frac{-\pi}{6}-2k\pi \\ \frac{\pi}{6}-x=\frac{7\pi}{6}-2k\pi \end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=\frac{\pi}{3}+2k\pi \\ x=(2k-1)\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) với $k$ nguyên.

Gộp cả 2TH trên lại ta suy ra \(x=n\pi \) hoặc \(x=n\pi+\frac{\pi}{3}\) với $n$ là số nguyên bất kỳ.

\(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}cosx+sinx-1-cosx=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2sinx-3cosx=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{\sqrt{13}}sinx-\frac{3}{\sqrt{13}}cosx=\frac{2}{\sqrt{13}}\)

Đặt \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{13}}=cosa\) với \(a\in\left(0;\pi\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx.cosa-cosx.sina=cosa\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x-a\right)=sin\left(\frac{\pi}{2}-a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-a=\frac{\pi}{2}-a+k2\pi\\x-a=\frac{\pi}{2}+a+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\x=\frac{\pi}{2}+2a+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne-\frac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(1-sin^2x\right)\left(cosx-1\right)}{sinx+cosx}=2\left(1+sinx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(1+sinx\right)\left(1-sinx\right)\left(cosx-1\right)}{sinx+cosx}=2\left(1+sinx\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=-1\Rightarrow x=-\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\\\frac{\left(1-sinx\right)\left(cosx-1\right)}{sinx+cosx}=2\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow cosx-1-sinx.cosx+sinx=2sinx+2cosx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sinx+cosx+sinx.cosx+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(sinx+1\right)\left(cosx+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)